General Biology Practical II — 2025B Past Questions

University of Ilorin BIO108: 130 questions.

Topics: Anatomy of flowering plants, Types of fruits and seeds.

1. Which fruit type is of the gourd family?
   1. Drupe
   2. Pome
   3. Pepo
   4. Hesperidium
2. The innermost part of a dicot root is the
   1. Pericycle
   2. Pith
   3. Cortex
   4. Cambium
3. Casparian strip is found in the
   1. Epidermis
   2. Endodermis
   3. Cortex
   4. Pericycle
4. Sclerenchyma cells are
   1. Living cells
   2. Dead cells
   3. Semi-living cells
   4. Cambium cells
5. What is the term used to describe xylem during secondary growth of plants?
   1. Protoxylem
   2. Metaxylem
   3. Primary xylem
   4. Secondary xylem
6. The structure of a fruit is divided into two main parts, namely the...
   1. Seed and pericarp
   2. Epicarp and endosperm
   3. Pericarp and seed
   4. Cotyledon and embryo
7. Lateral roots originate from the
   1. Cortex
   2. Cambium
   3. Pericycle
   4. Epidermis
8. Sclereids are commonly found in the
   1. Mango seed
   2. Apple pulp
   3. Banana peel
   4. Coconut shell
9. In dicot stems, the cambium is located
   1. Between phloem and cortex
   2. Between xylem and phloem
   3. Around the epidermis
   4. Inside the pith
10. The leaf type found in dicots with distinct palisade and spongy layers is called
    1. Dorsiventral leaf
    2. Isobilateral leaf
    3. Parallel-veined leaf
    4. Scale leaf
11. The region of actively dividing cells in plants is known as
    1. Meristem
    2. Xylem
    3. Phloem
    4. Cambium
12. The vascular tissue system is composed of
    1. Xylem and phloem
    2. Xylem and pith
    3. Phloem and cortex
    4. Cambium and parenchyma
13. Which meristem is responsible for the elongation of roots and shoots?
    1. Lateral meristem
    2. Apical meristem
    3. Intercalary meristem
    4. Primary meristem
14. Bundle sheath cells surround the
    1. Phloem
    2. Vascular bundle
    3. Epidermis
    4. Cambium
15. Which cell type in xylem is living?
    1. Tracheid
    2. Vessel element
    3. Xylem parenchyma
    4. Xylem fiber
16. Xylem is responsible for the transport of
    1. Sugar
    2. Water and minerals
    3. Hormones
    4. Oxygen
17. The monocot stem lacks
    1. Vascular bundles
    2. Cambium
    3. Pith
    4. Cortex
18. What does the bundle sheath cover?
    1. Mesophyll layer
    2. Parenchyma
    3. Vascular bundle
    4. Phloem
19. A plant with parallel venation is typically a
    1. Monocot
    2. Dicot
    3. Both
    4. Neither
20. Which plant tissue provides support and is dead at maturity?
    1. Parenchyma
    2. Collenchyma
    3. Sclerenchyma
    4. Mesophyll
21. The bundle sheath surrounds the
    1. Vascular bundles
    2. Cortex
    3. Cambium
    4. Phloem
22. The innermost layer of the cortex in a dicot root is the
    1. Pith
    2. Cortex
    3. Endodermis
    4. Epidermis
23. An apple is a true fruit.
    1. False
    2. True
    3. Partially True
    4. Cannot be determined
24. In a dicot stem, vascular bundles are
    1. Ringed and closed
    2. Scattered and closed
    3. Ringed and open
    4. Scattered and open
25. Which tissue provides flexible mechanical support in young stems?
    1. Collenchyma
    2. Parenchyma
    3. Sclerenchyma
    4. Tracheid
26. Which of the following is a false fruit?
    1. Apple
    2. Tomato
    3. Mango
    4. Banana
27. From which tissue do lateral roots originate?
    1. Endodermis
    2. Pericycle
    3. Cortex
    4. Epidermis
28. What is the primary role of bundle sheath cells in C₄ plants?
    1. Water transport
    2. Protection against herbivores
    3. Calvin cycle photosynthesis
    4. Nitrogen fixation
29. Leaves with distinct palisade and spongy mesophyll are called:
    1. Isobilateral leaves
    2. Monofacial leaves
    3. Bifacial (Dorsiventral) leaves
    4. Simple leaves
30. Companion cells are found in which plant tissue?
    1. Xylem
    2. Phloem
    3. Cambium
    4. Cortex
31. Sclereids are commonly found in:
    1. Phloem fibers only
    2. Mesophyll tissue
    3. Pear fruit, seed coats, and nutshells
    4. Guard cells
32. Which of the following is not a component of phloem in angiosperms?
    1. Sieve tube elements
    2. Companion cells
    3. Tracheids
    4. Phloem fibers
33. What type of vascular bundle is found in a dicot stem?
    1. Closed and scattered
    2. Open and ring-arranged
    3. Closed and ring-arranged
    4. Open and parallel
34. In secondary growth, xylem is formed:
    1. Outward by cork cambium
    2. Inward by vascular cambium
    3. Inward by cork cambium
    4. Outward by vascular cambium
35. A fruit that develops from a single ovary with one or more seeds, but only one seed germinates, is called:
    1. Simple fruit
    2. Aggregate fruit
    3. Multiple fruit
    4. Dehiscent fruit
36. The primary role of the endosperm in a seed is to:
    1. Provide nutrients for the developing embryo
    2. Protect the seed from predators
    3. Facilitate seed germination by absorbing water
    4. Aid in seed dispersal
37. In monocot stems, the vascular bundles are arranged in a:
    1. Ring
    2. Circular arrangement
    3. Scattered pattern
    4. Radial arrangement
38. In dicot stems, the vascular bundles are typically arranged in a:
    1. Scattered pattern
    2. Ring around the pith
    3. Radial arrangement
    4. Random pattern
39. In dicot roots, the vascular bundles are usually found in:
    1. A ring pattern, with xylem in the center
    2. A scattered pattern
    3. Radial arrangement around the pith
    4. A spiral pattern
40. Which of the following best defines a fruit?
    1. A structure that develops from the flower's ovary and contains seeds
    2. A tissue that aids in photosynthesis
    3. A reproductive organ for the male gametes
    4. A part of the stem that stores nutrients
41. What is the definition of a seed?
    1. The male gamete of a plant
    2. The embryo of a plant encased in a protective coat with stored nutrients
    3. The stem of a plant that supports flowers
    4. The part of the root that absorbs water
42. Which of the following is not a component of a typical fruit?
    1. Exocarp
    2. Mesocarp
    3. Endocarp
    4. Root cap
43. Mango is classified as which type of fruit?
    1. Simple fruit
    2. Aggregate fruit
    3. Multiple fruit
    4. Dehiscent fruit
44. What is the primary role of companion cells in phloem tissue?
    1. To support mechanical strength
    2. To carry out the metabolic activities of sieve tube elements
    3. To transport water and minerals
    4. To produce new phloem cells
45. What is the main function of parenchyma tissue in plants?
    1. Provide structural support
    2. Conduct water and minerals
    3. Store nutrients and facilitate photosynthesis
    4. Protect against herbivores
46. Which type of plant tissue is responsible for mechanical support and is made up of thick-walled cells?
    1. Parenchyma
    2. Collenchyma
    3. Sclerenchyma
    4. Xylem
47. Collenchyma tissue is typically found in:
    1. The stems and petioles of growing plants
    2. The roots of mature plants
    3. The outer layer of leaves
    4. The xylem of woody plants
48. The three main parts of a fruit include the:
    1. Pericarp, endocarp, and seed
    2. Exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp
    3. Exocarp, seed, and ovule
    4. Ovary, pollen, and anther
49. The primary function of sclerenchyma cells is to provide:
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Structural support and rigidity
    3. Water transport
    4. Gas exchange
50. Which of the following statements about parenchyma cells is true?
    1. They have thick, lignified walls
    2. They are involved in storage, photosynthesis, and tissue repair
    3. They provide structural support and rigidity
    4. They are specialized for water conduction
51. In monocot roots, the vascular bundles are:
    1. Arranged in a ring
    2. Scattered throughout the root
    3. Located at the center
    4. Located just below the epidermis
52. In which of the following does secondary growth occur?
    1. Monocots only
    2. Dicot roots only
    3. Both monocots and dicots
    4. Dicot stems only
53. The vascular cambium produces:
    1. Only xylem
    2. Only phloem
    3. Both xylem and phloem
    4. Cortex and pith
54. Which type of vascular bundle is found in monocot stems?
    1. Closed, with no cambium
    2. Open, with cambium
    3. Collateral, with cambium
    4. Scattered, without cambium
55. Which of the following is true about the phloem?
    1. It conducts water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
    2. It consists of living cells, including sieve tube elements and companion cells
    3. It is only involved in photosynthesis
    4. It is present in non-vascular plants
56. The primary function of xylem in plants is to:
    1. Transport sugars from leaves to roots
    2. Provide structural support
    3. Transport water and minerals from roots to shoots
    4. Facilitate gas exchange
57. In secondary growth, the production of secondary xylem occurs in the:
    1. Cork cambium
    2. Vascular cambium
    3. Epidermis
    4. Ground tissue
58. In which of the following is parenchyma tissue NOT found?
    1. Pith of stems
    2. Mesophyll of leaves
    3. Epidermis of roots
    4. Xylem rays in wood
59. Which fruit type is of the gourd family?
    1. Drupe
    2. Pome
    3. Pepo
    4. Hesperidium
60. The innermost part of a dicot root is the
    1. Pericycle
    2. Pith
    3. Cortex
    4. Cambium
61. Casparian strip is found in the
    1. Epidermis
    2. Endodermis
    3. Cortex
    4. Pericycle
62. Sclerenchyma cells are
    1. Living cells
    2. Dead cells
    3. Semi-living cells
    4. Cambium cells
63. What is the term used to describe xylem during secondary growth of plants?
    1. Protoxylem
    2. Metaxylem
    3. Primary xylem
    4. Secondary xylem
64. The structure of a fruit is divided into two main parts, namely the...
    1. Seed and pericarp
    2. Epicarp and endosperm
    3. Pericarp and seed
    4. Cotyledon and embryo
65. Lateral roots originate from the
    1. Cortex
    2. Cambium
    3. Pericycle
    4. Epidermis
66. Sclereids are commonly found in the
    1. Mango seed
    2. Apple pulp
    3. Banana peel
    4. Coconut shell
67. In dicot stems, the cambium is located
    1. Between phloem and cortex
    2. Between xylem and phloem
    3. Around the epidermis
    4. Inside the pith
68. The leaf type found in dicots with distinct palisade and spongy layers is called
    1. Dorsiventral leaf
    2. Isobilateral leaf
    3. Parallel-veined leaf
    4. Scale leaf
69. The region of actively dividing cells in plants is known as
    1. Meristem
    2. Xylem
    3. Phloem
    4. Cambium
70. The vascular tissue system is composed of
    1. Xylem and phloem
    2. Xylem and pith
    3. Phloem and cortex
    4. Cambium and parenchyma
71. Which meristem is responsible for the elongation of roots and shoots?
    1. Lateral meristem
    2. Apical meristem
    3. Intercalary meristem
    4. Primary meristem
72. Bundle sheath cells surround the
    1. Phloem
    2. Vascular bundle
    3. Epidermis
    4. Cambium
73. Which cell type in xylem is living?
    1. Tracheid
    2. Vessel element
    3. Xylem parenchyma
    4. Xylem fiber
74. Xylem is responsible for the transport of
    1. Sugar
    2. Water and minerals
    3. Hormones
    4. Oxygen
75. The monocot stem lacks
    1. Vascular bundles
    2. Cambium
    3. Pith
    4. Cortex
76. What does the bundle sheath cover?
    1. Mesophyll layer
    2. Parenchyma
    3. Vascular bundle
    4. Phloem
77. A plant with parallel venation is typically a
    1. Monocot
    2. Dicot
    3. Both
    4. Neither
78. Which plant tissue provides support and is dead at maturity?
    1. Parenchyma
    2. Collenchyma
    3. Sclerenchyma
    4. Mesophyll
79. The bundle sheath surrounds the
    1. Vascular bundles
    2. Cortex
    3. Cambium
    4. Phloem
80. The innermost layer of the cortex in a dicot root is the
    1. Pith
    2. Cortex
    3. Endodermis
    4. Epidermis
81. An apple is a true fruit.
    1. False
    2. True
    3. Partially True
    4. Cannot be determined
82. In a dicot stem, vascular bundles are
    1. Ringed and closed
    2. Scattered and closed
    3. Ringed and open
    4. Scattered and open
83. Which tissue provides flexible mechanical support in young stems?
    1. Collenchyma
    2. Parenchyma
    3. Sclerenchyma
    4. Tracheid
84. Which of the following is a false fruit?
    1. Apple
    2. Tomato
    3. Mango
    4. Banana
85. In which of the following is parenchyma tissue NOT found?
    1. In the mesophyll of leaves
    2. In the cortex of stems
    3. In the xylem vessels
    4. In the phloem tissue
86. Which of the following describes the function of collenchyma tissue?
    1. Provides structural support and protection to leaves and stems
    2. Stores starch in the roots and stems
    3. Facilitates the transport of water and minerals
    4. Provides flexible support in growing tissues
87. Which of these fruits is formed exclusively from the ovary?
    1. Composite fruit
    2. False fruit
    3. True fruit
    4. Simple fruit
88. Metaxylem and protoxylem are examples of what?
    1. Secondary xylem
    2. Primary xylem
    3. Collenchyma
    4. Meristem
89. The edible part of a peach is found in the
    1. Endocarp
    2. Mesocarp
    3. Epicarp
    4. Endoderm
90. The edible part of an apple is derived from the
    1. Ovary
    2. Mesocarp
    3. Thalamus
    4. Seed
91. The three main parts of the pericarp are the
    1. Endoderm, seed, and embryo
    2. Endocarp, mesocarp, and epicarp
    3. Exocarp, cortex, and thalamus
    4. Pericarp, ovule, and style
92. All are examples of a berry EXCEPT
    1. Orange
    2. Pepper
    3. Mango
    4. Tomato
93. If a fruit develops exclusively from the ovary, it is called a
    1. True fruit
    2. False fruit
    3. Simple fruit
    4. Aggregate fruit
94. The inner layer of the pericarp is called the
    1. Epicarp
    2. Exocarp
    3. Mesocarp
    4. Endocarp
95. Dispersal by Zoochory is dispersal by
    1. Wind
    2. Animal
    3. Water
    4. Explosive mechanism
96. A function of sclerenchyma is to
    1. Provide living and flexible support
    2. Perform photosynthesis
    3. Provide dead and rigid support
    4. Translocate food
97. Pappus dispersal is by
    1. Wind
    2. Water
    3. Animal
    4. Fire
98. Tissues that provide support and are used for photosynthesis are
    1. Collenchyma
    2. Parenchyma
    3. Vascular bundles
    4. Sclerenchyma
99. A characteristic of a hesperidium is that it is a
    1. Fleshy fruit with a leathery rind
    2. Dry fruit with a stony endocarp
    3. Fruit derived from the thalamus
    4. Simple fruit with multiple carpels
100. Which of these is a berry?
     1. Tomato
     2. Apple
     3. Banana
     4. Cherry

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