General Biology II — 2025B Past Questions

University of Ilorin BIO102: 69 questions.

Topics: Briefs on physiology to include nutrition, respiration, circulatory systems, excretion, reproduction, growth and development, A generalized survey of the plant and animal kingdoms, Ecological adaptations, Basic characteristics, identification and classification of viruses, bacteria and fungi, Briefs on physiology to include nutrition, respiration, excretion, reproduction, growth and development

  1. A virus is best described as
    1. A submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside living cells
    2. A unicellular prokaryotic organism
    3. A multicellular eukaryotic pathogen
    4. A free-living microscopic organism
  2. Bawden defined a virus as an obligate parasitic organism whose size is less than
    1. 200 nanometres
    2. 200 micrometres
    3. 200 millimetres
    4. 20 nanometres
  3. When was the word 'bacterium' coined?
    1. 1828
    2. 1728
    3. 1628
    4. 1928
  4. Which of the following is NOT a type of adaptation?
    1. Psychological
    2. Physical
    3. Genetic
    4. Muscular
  5. The method of spore dispersal in liverworts is by
    1. Cone
    2. Pseudoelater
    3. Elater
    4. Peristome teeth
  6. The rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough because of the presence of
    1. Ribosomes
    2. Cell wall
    3. Chloroplasts
    4. Lysosomes
  7. The stages of food processing in animals in the correct order are
    1. Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, Egestion
    2. Digestion, Ingestion, Absorption, Egestion, Assimilation
    3. Ingestion, Absorption, Digestion, Assimilation, Egestion
    4. Egestion, Absorption, Assimilation, Digestion, Ingestion
  8. Pneumatic bones are hollow bones filled with air spaces. They are commonly found in birds to
    1. Increase body weight for stability
    2. Reduce body weight for flight
    3. Store calcium reserves
    4. Produce red blood cells
  9. True vascular tissues first appeared in which plant group?
    1. Angiosperms
    2. Pteridophytes
    3. Bryophytes
    4. Gymnosperms
  10. Which of the following is NOT involved in photosynthesis?
    1. Water
    2. CO₂
    3. Chlorophyll
    4. None of the above — all are involved
  11. In which type of mycorrhiza do the hyphae penetrate epidermal cells and permeate the cortex?
    1. Endomycorrhiza
    2. Ectomycorrhiza
    3. Arbuscular mycorrhiza
    4. Vesicular mycorrhiza
  12. Anaerobic respiration in cells is equivalent to which biochemical process?
    1. Glycogenesis
    2. Digestion
    3. Excretion
    4. Glycolysis
  13. Which of the following is NOT necessary for photosynthesis?
    1. Water
    2. None of the options — all are necessary
    3. Carbon (IV) oxide
    4. Chlorophyll
  14. The cell organelle responsible for protein synthesis is the
    1. Ribosome
    2. Nucleus
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Cytoplasm
  15. Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
    1. Pentose
    2. Hexose
    3. Dextrose
    4. Fibre
  16. What is the function of sapwood in gymnosperms?
    1. Water retention
    2. Water absorption
    3. Transport of water
    4. Food storage
  17. Who defined a virus as an organism whose size is less than 200 nm?
    1. Loria
    2. Bawden
    3. Wendell Stanley
    4. Konin et al
  18. Which of the following is a micronutrient?
    1. Carbohydrates
    2. Proteins
    3. Vitamins
    4. Lipids
  19. What is the function of the fungal partner (mycobiont) in a mycorrhizal association?
    1. Provides sugar and amino acids to the plant
    2. Increases surface area for water and mineral absorption
    3. Produces glucose through photosynthesis
    4. Prevents root diseases
  20. Angiosperms reproduce by means of
    1. Naked seeds
    2. Enclosed seeds
    3. Spores
    4. Rhizoids
  21. Which of the following is the correct match between a plant group and its characteristic feature?
    1. Bryophytes — true roots
    2. Angiosperms — sori
    3. Gymnosperms — naked seeds
    4. Pteridophytes — flowers
  22. What covers and protects the plant cell?
    1. Cell membrane only
    2. Cell wall
    3. Chloroplast
    4. Vacuole
  23. What is the function of sunken stomata in gymnosperms?
    1. To maximise water loss for cooling
    2. To increase CO₂ absorption rate
    3. To reduce water loss through transpiration
    4. To absorb more sunlight
  24. Which of the following is the most advanced (evolutionarily derived) feature in plants?
    1. Enclosed seeds
    2. Vascular tissues
    3. Naked seeds
    4. Cuticle
  25. Which of the following is a feature common to ALL land plants?
    1. Chlorophyll
    2. Roots
    3. Vascular bundles
    4. Spores
  26. Which gas is given off during photosynthesis?
    1. Water vapour
    2. Oxygen
    3. Glucose
    4. None of the above
  27. Which of the following plants has woody or herbaceous stems?
    1. Angiosperms
    2. Gymnosperms
    3. Pteridophytes
    4. Bryophytes
  28. The exchange of air between cells and the environment is called
    1. Glycolysis
    2. Breathing
    3. Photosynthesis
    4. Absorption
  29. Needle-like leaves are found in which plant group?
    1. Angiosperms
    2. Gymnosperms
    3. Bryophytes
    4. Pteridophytes
  30. Which aquatic adaptations are NOT found in whales?
    1. I and IV
    2. III and IV
    3. II and V
    4. II and IV
  31. Hyperphagy (in the context of digit/phalangeal number) involves
    1. More than 3 phalanges in the 2nd and 3rd digits
    2. More than 3 phalanges in the 1st and 2nd digits
    3. More than 2 phalanges in the 1st and 2nd digits
    4. More than 2 phalanges in the 2nd and 3rd digits
  32. Which of the following is NOT secondarily adapted to volant (flying) locomotion?
    1. Birds
    2. Draco
    3. Bats
    4. Flying lizards
  33. The primary adaptation of gymnosperms is
    1. Large sapwood column
    2. Thin cuticle
    3. Cone-based seeds
    4. Flowers
  34. Which of the following is a non-seed-producing vascular plant?
    1. Angiosperms
    2. Pteridophytes
    3. Gymnosperms
    4. Bryophytes
  35. Which type of reproduction increases genetic variability?
    1. Asexual reproduction
    2. Vegetative reproduction
    3. Binary fission
    4. Sexual reproduction
  36. Hyperphagy (in the context of digit/phalangeal number) involves
    1. More than 3 phalanges in the 2nd and 3rd digits
    2. More than 3 phalanges in the 1st and 2nd digits
    3. More than 2 phalanges in the 1st and 2nd digits
    4. More than 2 phalanges in the 2nd and 3rd digits
  37. Which of the following is NOT secondarily adapted to volant (flying) locomotion?
    1. Birds
    2. Draco
    3. Bats
    4. Flying lizards
  38. Nutrients do NOT enter plants via which of the following?
    1. Leaves
    2. None of the above — all are correct entry points
    3. Roots
    4. Root hairs
  39. Which of the following is NOT a storage organ in plants?
    1. Stem tubers
    2. Root tubers
    3. Fruits
    4. None of the above — all are storage organs
  40. The process where two haploid cells fuse to form a diploid cell is called
    1. Reproduction
    2. Zygote formation
    3. Asexual reproduction
    4. Sexual reproduction
  41. Closed circulatory systems are found in which organisms?
    1. Insects and arachnids
    2. All molluscs and arthropods
    3. Annelids and vertebrates
    4. Cnidarians and echinoderms
  42. The correct order of levels of cell organisation is
    1. Cells → Organs → Tissues → Systems → Organism
    2. Tissues → Cells → Organs → Systems → Organism
    3. Cells → Tissues → Organs → Systems → Organism
    4. Organs → Cells → Tissues → Organism → Systems
  43. What type of leaf venation do monocots have, and what type do dicots have?
    1. Monocots: net-like venation; Dicots: parallel venation
    2. Monocots: parallel venation; Dicots: net-like (reticulate) venation
    3. Both monocots and dicots have parallel venation
    4. Both monocots and dicots have net-like venation
  44. What is the function of rhizoids in non-vascular plants?
    1. Conduct water through vascular tissue
    2. Perform photosynthesis
    3. Anchor the plant and absorb water
    4. Produce spores for reproduction
  45. Which are the first organisms to have appeared on Earth?
    1. Bacteria
    2. Fungi
    3. Viruses
    4. Algae
  46. In bryophytes, which generation is dominant?
    1. Sporophyte
    2. Gametophyte
    3. Both are equally dominant
    4. Neither — bryophytes have no alternation of generations
  47. The virus was first discovered in which year?
    1. 1892
    2. 1897
    3. 1885
    4. 1943
  48. A fern is an example of which plant group?
    1. Bryophytes
    2. Pteridophytes
    3. Gymnosperms
    4. Angiosperms
  49. Classification of plants is primarily based on
    1. DNA
    2. Reproduction
    3. Leaves
    4. Stem type
  50. What is the primary function of the large sapwood column in gymnosperms?
    1. Storing water
    2. Transporting nutrients
    3. Producing new wood
    4. Anchoring the tree
  51. What does the kidney produce?
    1. Uric acid
    2. Urine
    3. Bile
    4. Sweat
  52. Costa (midrib) is a structure found in which group of bryophytes?
    1. Liverworts
    2. Hornworts
    3. Mosses
    4. All bryophytes
  53. Which of the following is NOT a part of a cell?
    1. Cytoplasm
    2. Cell wall
    3. Nucleus
    4. Fat globule
  54. What is the site of protein synthesis in a cell?
    1. Ribosomes
    2. Nucleus
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi apparatus
  55. The organelle that controls cell activities is the
    1. Nucleus
    2. Mitochondria
    3. Ribosome
    4. Cell membrane
  56. Rudimentary organ formation during embryonic development is called
    1. Organogenesis
    2. Gastrulation
    3. Cleavage
    4. Neurulation
  57. In bryophytes, which stage is the dependent (parasitic) generation?
    1. Gametophyte
    2. Sporophyte
    3. Both are dependent
    4. Neither is dependent
  58. Which of the following is a recognised type of mycorrhiza?
    1. Phytomycorrhiza
    2. Exomycorrhiza
    3. Endomycorrhiza
    4. Ectomycorrhiza
  59. Arboreal locomotion groups are divided into all of the following EXCEPT
    1. Branch runners
    2. Brachiators
    3. Forms suspended from branches
    4. Forms distended from branches
  60. The flight feathers (remiges) of birds are attached to the
    1. Forelimb and hand
    2. Forelimb and hindlimbs
    3. Forelimbs and hindlimbs
    4. Tail and hindlimbs
  61. A triglyceride molecule is composed of
    1. 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule
    2. 3 fatty acids and 1 glucose molecule
    3. 2 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule
    4. 3 amino acids and 1 glycerol molecule
  62. Which of the following is a macronutrient?
    1. Vitamins
    2. Carbohydrates
    3. Minerals
    4. Trace elements
  63. Photosynthesis releases which gas?
    1. Water vapour
    2. Oxygen
    3. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
    4. None of the above
  64. Which organism is an EXCEPTION among those that have a closed circulatory system?
    1. Molluscs
    2. Octopus
    3. Annelids
    4. Humans
  65. Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of desert animals?
    1. Moisture obtainance
    2. Moisture conservation
    3. Defense mechanisms
    4. Moisture loss
  66. Birds have feathers covering their body EXCEPT on their
    1. Head
    2. Limbs
    3. Feet
    4. Chest
  67. Absorption of calcium in the intestine is promoted by
    1. Amino acids
    2. Vitamin D
    3. Lipids
    4. Carbohydrates
  68. Fibre is an example of which type of carbohydrate?
    1. Monosaccharide
    2. Disaccharide
    3. Polysaccharide
    4. Polypeptide
  69. In which year was the word 'bacterium' coined?
    1. 1828
    2. 1728
    3. 1628
    4. 1928

Register free to unlock all 69 questions with answers and explanations

SmartDriller logo

SmartDriller

Loading your past questions, mock exams, notes, and video tutorials...

Starting up…