General Biology I — 2025B Past Questions

University of Ilorin BIO101: 122 questions.

Topics: Cell Structure and Organisation, Functions of Cellular Organelles, Heredity & Evolution, Living things, Characteristics and Reproduction, Chromosomes & Genes

  1. Which of the following is a function of the ribosome?
    1. Protein synthesis
    2. Energy production
    3. DNA replication
    4. Packaging proteins
  2. Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?
    1. All living things are composed of cells
    2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function
    3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
    4. All cells arise from non-living matter
  3. Who named the chromosome?
    1. Robert Hooke
    2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
    3. Waldeyer
    4. W. Flemming
  4. Which of the following is involved in both intracellular transport and secretion?
    1. Ribosome
    2. Lysosome
    3. Endoplasmic reticulum
    4. Golgi bodies
  5. In what year was the cell theory proposed?
    1. 1801
    2. 1839
    3. 1838
    4. 1665
  6. Which of the following is not involved in reproduction?
    1. Fertilisation
    2. Gamete formation
    3. Parthenocarpy
    4. Zygote formation
  7. Which organelle contains both calcium and magnesium pectate?
    1. Vesicles
    2. Golgi apparatus
    3. Middle Lamella
    4. Cell wall
  8. The process by which energy is released from food substances is called
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Respiration
    3. Fermentation
    4. Transpiration
  9. Which of the following is not a function of systematic biology?
    1. Naming all organisms
    2. Classifying all organisms
    3. Studying evolutionary relationships
    4. Studying environmental factors affecting organisms
  10. Which of the following refutes Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired traits?
    1. A bodybuilder's child having an average body mass
    2. Giraffes reaching for food at a height, leading to long necks over time
    3. The development of longer legs in animals running at high speeds
    4. A plant growing taller in response to light exposure
  11. The pistil consists of ________, ________, and ________.
    1. Stigma, style, ovary
    2. Anther, stigma, style
    3. Anther, style, ovary
    4. Style, filament, pistil
  12. The main component of the cell wall is __________.
    1. Chitin
    2. Phospholipids
    3. Cellulose
    4. Proteins
  13. What is the most exclusive taxonomy level?
    1. Kingdom
    2. Phylum
    3. Species
    4. Class
  14. The 9:3:3:1 ratio follows which Mendelian law?
    1. Law of Segregation
    2. Law of Independent Assortment
    3. Law of Dominance
    4. Law of Codominance
  15. Which of the following is a principle of Darwinism?
    1. Use and Disuse
    2. Natural selection
    3. Genetic drift
    4. Acquired Characteristics
  16. Which of the following terms describes a plant with male and female reproductive organs on separate individuals?
    1. Dioecious
    2. Unisexual
    3. Bisexual
    4. Hermaphroditic
  17. The function of the vacuole in plants is to ________.
    1. Conduct water
    2. Digest waste material
    3. Produce protein
    4. Store water and nutrients
  18. What is the ratio of the dominant gene from the crossing of the heterozygous dihybrid genes AaBb?
    1. 1:1
    2. 3:1
    3. 1:4
    4. 9:3:3:1
  19. Which of the following is a function of peroxisomes?
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Metabolism of lipids
    3. Cytokinesis
    4. Digestion
  20. What is the result of a test cross with a homozygous recessive organism?
    1. Homozygous dominant offspring
    2. Homozygous recessive offspring
    3. A 1:1 phenotypic ratio
    4. A 3:1 phenotypic ratio
  21. Which of the following is not a parasite?
    1. Tapeworm
    2. Fluke
    3. Roundworm
    4. Mosquito
  22. The scientific study of identification, naming, and deciding the group to which an animal belongs is called ________.
    1. Systematics
    2. Taxonomy
    3. Classification
    4. Nomenclature
  23. The following processes are involved in human reproduction except ________.
    1. Fertilization
    2. Parthenocarpy
    3. Gamete formation
    4. Zygote formation
  24. The transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called ________.
    1. Pollination
    2. Cross-pollination
    3. Self-pollination
    4. Fertilization
  25. The type of reproduction found in yeast is ________.
    1. Budding
    2. Binary fission
    3. Fragmentation
    4. Spore formation
  26. What structure facilitates cell adhesion?
    1. Centrioles
    2. Tubulin
    3. Glycoproteins
    4. Intermediate filaments
  27. Which of the following explains the plasma membrane?
    1. Fluid mosaic model
    2. Cell theory
    3. Double helix model
    4. Endosymbiosis model
  28. Who among the following did not contribute to the cell theory?
    1. M. Schleiden
    2. T. Schwann
    3. R. Herlan
    4. R. Virchow
  29. Prokaryotes have how many nuclear membranes?
    1. Double
    2. None
    3. Single
    4. Triple
  30. Which organelle is involved in detoxifying the cell?
    1. Ribosomes
    2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
    3. Golgi bodies
    4. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
  31. The process by which energy is released from food substances is called
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Fermentation
    3. Cellular respiration
    4. Glycolysis
  32. Cell organelles are:
    1. Compartment with specific functions
    2. Compartment distinct in structure and function
    3. Membrane-bound structures
    4. Specialized structures within cells
  33. Which of these is non-membrane bound?
    1. Ribosome
    2. Vacuole
    3. Cytoskeleton
    4. Mitochondria
  34. Which of the following is common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
    1. Chloroplast
    2. Ribosomes
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi body
  35. Phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation of a homozygous dominant and recessive parent is:
    1. 1:1
    2. 3:1
    3. 9:3:3:1
    4. 1:2:1
  36. The core of cilia and flagella is:
    1. Axoneme
    2. Actin
    3. Chromonema
    4. Centrioles
  37. According to Lamarck, characteristics developed by an individual are:
    1. Passed on to the next generation
    2. Not passed on to the next generation
    3. Inherited only by offspring
    4. Acquired by external factors
  38. Which organelle is made up of fine granules except for occasional crystalloid strikes and filamentous deposits?
    1. Chloroplast
    2. Microbodies
    3. Centrosomes
    4. Mitochondria
  39. What is the difference between chromoplasts and leucoplasts?
    1. Chromoplast stores starch, leucoplasts store proteins
    2. Chromoplast stores pigments, leucoplasts store nutrients
    3. Chromoplast stores starch, leucoplasts store pigments
    4. Chromoplast stores proteins, leucoplasts store starch
  40. Chloroplasts are involved in which process?
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Protein synthesis
    3. Energy production
    4. DNA replication
  41. A ____ is the ripened ovary?
    1. Seed coat
    2. Fruit
    3. Flower
    4. Stem
  42. What is the disposal of the waste materials of metabolism?
    1. Secretion
    2. Egestion
    3. Excretion
    4. Respiration
  43. The organelle in which organelles are suspended in a cell is the:
    1. Nucleus
    2. Cytoplasm
    3. Endoplasmic reticulum
    4. Plasma membrane
  44. What is the function of the cilia?
    1. Cell movement or movement of extracellular fluid
    2. Energy production
    3. Protein synthesis
    4. Genetic material storage
  45. The reproductive part of a plant is called the:
    1. Pistil
    2. Stamen
    3. Anther
    4. Flower
  46. The protein in the plasma membrane is called:
    1. Histone
    2. Transmembrane protein
    3. Collagen
    4. Receptor protein
  47. The transport system in a cell is:
    1. Endoplasmic reticulum
    2. Golgi apparatus
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Lysosomes
  48. All the following are at the acellular level, except:
    1. Euglena
    2. Amoeba
    3. Bacteria
    4. Spirogyra
  49. A seed is:
    1. Fertilized egg
    2. Ripened ovary
    3. Growing embryo
    4. Ripened ovule
  50. Lysosome is also known as:
    1. Suicidal bag
    2. Detoxify bag
    3. Storage bag
    4. Protein bag
  51. A prokaryotic cell has ___ membrane-bound nucleus.
    1. 1
    2. 2
    3. 0
    4. 3
  52. What is the function of a vacuole in a cell?
    1. Maintain turgidity
    2. Store waste products
    3. Produce energy
    4. Synthesize protein
  53. What is the function of a microbody in a cell?
    1. Protein synthesis
    2. Enzyme storage and detoxification
    3. Cell division
    4. Energy production
  54. What organelle is the tonoplast associated with?
    1. Mitochondria
    2. Nucleus
    3. Lysosome
    4. Vacuole
  55. Which of the following is true about chromoplast and leucoplast?
    1. Chromoplast stores pigment, leucoplast stores nutrients
    2. Leucoplast stores pigment, chromoplast stores nutrients
    3. Chromoplast is for photosynthesis, leucoplast stores protein
    4. Chromoplast stores protein, leucoplast stores fat
  56. ______ is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins.
    1. Golgi apparatus
    2. Peroxisome
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Ribosome
  57. Which of the following cell organelles is common to both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
    1. Chloroplast
    2. Ribosome
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi body
  58. ______ is the transfer of pollen grain from the anther to the stigma of a different individual.
    1. Cross-pollination
    2. Pollination
    3. Self-pollination
    4. Fertilization
  59. What organelle aids in photosynthesis?
    1. Chloroplast
    2. Mitochondria
    3. Golgi apparatus
    4. Ribosome
  60. What is the difference between systematics and taxonomy?
    1. Systematics is the process of grouping organisms into taxa, while taxonomy is the practice of naming, classifying, and describing organisms
    2. Systematics involves classification and naming, while taxonomy involves studying evolutionary relationships
    3. Systematics deals with grouping organisms based on size, while taxonomy is concerned with environmental factors
    4. Systematics is related to physical features, while taxonomy is concerned with behavior
  61. Who was the first person to discover the cell?
    1. Robert Hooke
    2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
    3. Charles Darwin
    4. Matthias Schleiden
  62. Where does ATP synthesis take place in the mitochondria?
    1. Matrix
    2. Cristae
    3. Nucleus
    4. Ribosomes
  63. Which characteristic of animals is not diverse?
    1. Reproduction
    2. Size
    3. Habitat
    4. Behavior
  64. Which of these is used to represent ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
    1. 40s and 50s
    2. 60s and 80s
    3. 50s and 70s
    4. 70s and 80s
  65. Who is the father of genetics?
    1. Gregor Mendel
    2. Charles Darwin
    3. Watson & Crick
    4. Robert Hooke
  66. The female reproductive part of a flower is ______.
    1. Stamen
    2. Pistil
    3. Sepal
    4. Ovule
  67. Mitotic cell division occurs in ______.
    1. Somatic cell
    2. Non-somatic cell
    3. Gamete cell
    4. Sex cell
  68. In adequate supply of water and nutrients, algae reproduce via ______.
    1. Spore formation
    2. Budding
    3. Binary fission
    4. Fragmentation
  69. The human body has ______ chromosomes.
    1. 78 pairs
    2. 23 pairs
    3. 46 pairs
    4. 43 pairs
  70. Which flower part produces seeds?
    1. Petal
    2. Ovary
    3. Stamen
    4. Sepal
  71. What is the difference between chloroplast and leucoplast?
    1. Chloroplast is colorless, leucoplast is green
    2. Chloroplast stores pigments, leucoplast stores starch
    3. Chloroplast is found in roots, leucoplast is in leaves
    4. Chloroplast contains DNA, leucoplast does not
  72. Which animals give birth to their young ones alive?
    1. Amphibians
    2. Reptiles
    3. Mammals
    4. Birds
  73. Which classification is based on grouping animals based on their natural affinities?
    1. Binomial nomenclature
    2. Natural classification
    3. Artificial classification
    4. Phylogenetic classification
  74. Which primary pigment is responsible for photosynthesis?
    1. Xanthophyll
    2. Carotene
    3. Chlorophyll
    4. Anthocyanin
  75. ______ is the branch of biology that deals with classifying, naming, and organizing living things.
    1. Morphology
    2. Taxonomy
    3. Ecology
    4. Genetics
  76. If a plant with an unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous short plant and the phenotype result is 1:1, what is the unknown genotype of the plant?
    1. TT
    2. Tt
    3. tt
    4. TT or Tt
  77. What is the powerhouse of the cell?
    1. Nucleus
    2. Ribosome
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi body
  78. Sickle cell anemia is an example of a trait linked with?
    1. Autosomal dominant inheritance
    2. X-linked inheritance
    3. Autosomal recessive inheritance
    4. Y-linked inheritance
  79. Excretion, irritability, and reproduction take place in?
    1. Plants and animals
    2. Animals only
    3. Plants only
    4. Microorganisms only
  80. What organelle in plants stores water, color pigments, and waste?
    1. Mitochondria
    2. Chloroplast
    3. Vacuole
    4. Ribosome
  81. The asexual reproduction of algae is
    1. Fragmentation
    2. Binary Fission
    3. Spore Formation
    4. Vegetative Propagation
  82. ---- is the identification, naming, and classification of living organisms.
    1. Natural Classification
    2. Taxonomy
    3. Classification
    4. Systematics
  83. The protein found in the Endoplasmic Reticulum is
    1. Actin
    2. Tubulin
    3. Ribophorin
    4. Collagen
  84. Behavioral traits are due to
    1. Environmental factors
    2. Genetic factors
    3. None of the above
    4. Both Genetic and Environmental factors
  85. The reason why animal diversity continues to improve is because
    1. Animals grow rapidly
    2. New animals are being discovered
    3. Old species mutate
    4. There is an increase in reproduction rate
  86. ---- is the formation of a new plant from parts of a plant.
    1. Budding
    2. Vegetative Propagation
    3. Binary Fission
    4. Grafting
  87. What is the reproductive formation of algae?
    1. Budding
    2. Fragmentation
    3. Binary Fission
    4. Spore Formation
  88. The most inclusive and exclusive groups in taxonomy are
    1. Kingdom and Species
    2. Class and Phylum
    3. Order and Genus
    4. Family and Division
  89. The three types of plastids are
    1. Chloroplast, Chromoplast, and Leucoplast
    2. Mitochondria, Chloroplast, and Vacuole
    3. Ribosome, Golgi, and Lysosome
    4. Peroxisome, Endosome, and Centriole
  90. The theory of evolution by natural selection was postulated by
    1. Lamarck
    2. Darwin
    3. Mendel
    4. Robert Hooke
  91. The model form of the plasma membrane is
    1. Lipid bilayer model
    2. Unit membrane model
    3. Fluid mosaic model
    4. Sandwich model
  92. Lamarck proposed that
    1. Evolution is driven by mutation
    2. Acquired traits are passed to offspring
    3. Natural selection is the main force of evolution
    4. All organisms share a common ancestor
  93. The role of crossing over is
    1. Mutation repair
    2. New combination of offspring
    3. DNA replication
    4. Energy production
  94. Which of these are non-membranous?
    1. Vacuole
    2. Lysosome
    3. Cytoskeleton
    4. Glyoxysome
  95. The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal and external environment is called
    1. Adaptation
    2. Responsiveness
    3. Irritability
    4. Sensation
  96. Which of the following is an example of a viviparous animal?
    1. Fish
    2. Snake
    3. Horse
    4. Lizard
  97. The activities of the cell are controlled by
    1. Nucleus
    2. Cytoplasm
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi Apparatus
  98. The plasma membrane is made up of?
    1. Proteins and carbohydrates
    2. Phospholipids and proteins
    3. Nucleotides and amino acids
    4. Polysaccharides and enzymes
  99. Which of these is NOT a cell scientist?
    1. V. Rudolf
    2. Theodor Schwann
    3. R. Huskinikan
    4. Matthias Schleiden
  100. The cytoskeleton consists of
    1. A bilipid layer
    2. Proteins
    3. Carbohydrates
    4. Polysaccharides

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