General Biology I — 2025A Past Questions

University of Ilorin BIO101: 220 questions.

Topics: Cell Structure and Organisation, Functions of Cellular Organelles, Living things, Characteristics and Reproduction, Heredity & Evolution, Chromosomes & Genes

1. The reproductive part of a plant is
   1. Node
   2. Internode
   3. Flower
   4. Bud
2. The pistil consists of ____
   1. Ovary, style, stigma
   2. Petal, ovary, filament
   3. Stigma, anther, filament
   4. Sepal, style, ovule
3. Which of these is used to represent ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
   1. 40s and 50s
   2. 60s and 80s
   3. 70s and 80s
   4. 50s and 70s
4. Which of these is a single membrane organelle?
   1. Cytoplast
   2. Ribosomes
   3. Nucleus
   4. Endoplasmic reticulum
5. Who is the father of genetics?
   1. Gregor Mendel
   2. Charles Darwin
   3. Watson & Crick
   4. Robert Hooke
6. Humans have how many chromosomes?
   1. 23 pairs
   2. 46 pairs
   3. 22 pairs
   4. 50 pairs
7. An asexual reproduction in yeast is known as
   1. Binary fission
   2. Fragmentation
   3. Budding
   4. Sporulation
8. What is the function of a peroxisome?
   1. Protein synthesis
   2. Breakdown of fatty acids
   3. DNA replication
   4. Cellular respiration
9. What part of the cell contains a thin layer of a pectate structure that contains Magnesium and Calcium?
   1. Plasma membrane
   2. Cell wall
   3. Nucleus
   4. Cytoplasm
10. What is the function of cilia in a cell?
    1. Energy production
    2. Cell movement and fluid transport
    3. Protein synthesis
    4. DNA storage
11. Tonoplasts are located in which cell organelle?
    1. Cytoplasm
    2. Plastids
    3. Central vacuole
    4. Plasma membrane
12. The female reproductive part of a flower is
    1. Stamen
    2. Pistil
    3. Sepal
    4. Ovule
13. The site of ATP synthesis in mitochondria is
    1. Cristae
    2. Matrix
    3. Ribosome
    4. Cytoplasm
14. Mitotic cell division occurs in
    1. Somatic cell
    2. Non-somatic cell
    3. Gamete cell
    4. Sex cell
15. In adequate supply of water, algae reproduce via ____
    1. Spore formation
    2. Budding
    3. Binary fission
    4. Fragmentation
16. ____ is the removal of toxic materials of metabolism from the body of an organism.
    1. Egestion
    2. Excretion
    3. Respiration
    4. Photosynthesis
17. The human body has _____ chromosomes
    1. 78 pairs
    2. 46 pairs
    3. 23 pairs
    4. 43 pairs
18. Who first described a cell?
    1. Robert Hooke
    2. Theodore Schwann
    3. Matthias Schleiden
    4. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
19. What is the functional unit of heredity?
    1. Chromosome
    2. Genes
    3. DNA
    4. RNA
20. What is the difference between chromoplast and leucoplast?
    1. Chromoplast stores starch, leucoplast stores pigment
    2. Chromoplast has color pigments, leucoplast is colorless
    3. Chromoplast is found in roots, leucoplast is in leaves
    4. Chromoplast carries DNA, leucoplast stores protein
21. The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma through carriers such as insects, wind, etc., is called
    1. Pollens
    2. Pollination
    3. Self-pollination
    4. Cross-pollination
22. Who first coined the word chromosomes?
    1. Robert Brown
    2. Waldeyer
    3. Schwann
    4. Watson & Crick
23. What is the function of microbodies?
    1. Cellular respiration
    2. Detoxification and lipid metabolism
    3. DNA replication
    4. Protein synthesis
24. What is another name for lysosomes?
    1. Suicidal bag
    2. Detoxifying agents
    3. Energy powerhouse
    4. Protein factory
25. What is the core structure of cilia and flagella?
    1. Microtubules
    2. Microfilaments
    3. Ribosomes
    4. Centrioles
26. What is a ripened ovary called?
    1. Ovule
    2. Fruit
    3. Seed
    4. Endosperm
27. Where is the tonoplast located?
    1. Nucleus
    2. Mitochondria
    3. Central vacuole
    4. Cytoplasm
28. Which flower part produces seeds?
    1. Petal
    2. Ovary
    3. Stamen
    4. Sepal
29. A ripened ovary is called ________.
    1. Ovule
    2. Fruit
    3. Seed
    4. Pollen
30. There are ______ chromosomes in humans.
    1. 46 pairs
    2. 23 pairs
    3. 50 pairs
    4. 78 pairs
31. Which of these is a parasite?
    1. Roundworm
    2. Tapeworm
    3. Mosquito
    4. Fluke
32. When was the cell theory formulated?
    1. 1665
    2. 1838
    3. 1855
    4. 1901
33. What is the difference between chloroplast and leucoplast?
    1. Chloroplast is colorless, leucoplast is green
    2. Chloroplast stores pigments, leucoplast stores starch
    3. Chloroplast is found in roots, leucoplast is in leaves
    4. Chloroplast contains DNA, leucoplast does not
34. Which animals give birth to their young ones alive?
    1. Amphibians
    2. Reptiles
    3. Mammals
    4. Birds
35. The transfer of pollen to flowers through wind or insects is called?
    1. Pollination
    2. Germination
    3. Fertilization
    4. Propagation
36. Which classification is based on grouping animals based on their natural affinities?
    1. Binomial nomenclature
    2. Natural classification
    3. Artificial classification
    4. Phylogenetic classification
37. What is the function of vacuole in plants?
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Storage and structural support
    3. Respiration
    4. Protein synthesis
38. Yeast reproduces asexually by?
    1. Binary fission
    2. Fragmentation
    3. Budding
    4. Sporulation
39. Which primary pigment is responsible for photosynthesis?
    1. Xanthophyll
    2. Carotene
    3. Chlorophyll
    4. Anthocyanin
40. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying chemicals?
    1. Mitochondria
    2. Golgi apparatus
    3. Peroxisome
    4. Lysosome
41. ______ is the process by which food is broken down for energy?
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Respiration
    3. Excretion
    4. Circulation
42. ______ is the branch of biology that deals with classifying, naming, and organizing living things.
    1. Morphology
    2. Taxonomy
    3. Ecology
    4. Genetics
43. If a plant with an unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous short plant and the phenotype result is 1:1, what is the unknown genotype of the plant?
    1. TT
    2. Tt
    3. tt
    4. TT or Tt
44. What is the powerhouse of the cell?
    1. Nucleus
    2. Ribosome
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi body
45. Sickle cell anemia is an example of a trait linked with?
    1. Autosomal dominant inheritance
    2. X-linked inheritance
    3. Autosomal recessive inheritance
    4. Y-linked inheritance
46. Charles Darwin's theory was based mainly on?
    1. Inheritance of acquired traits
    2. Natural selection
    3. Spontaneous generation
    4. Abiogenesis
47. Who discovered chromosomes?
    1. Strubbeerg
    2. Waldeyer
    3. Robert Hooke
    4. Gregor Mendel
48. What is common between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    1. Chromosomes
    2. Lysosomes
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi apparatus
49. Who is the father of the cell?
    1. Robert Hooke
    2. Theodor Schwann
    3. Matthias Schleiden
    4. Rudolf Virchow
50. What organelle in plants stores water, color pigments, and waste?
    1. Mitochondria
    2. Chloroplast
    3. Vacuole
    4. Ribosome
51. The process by which food is broken down in a living cell is called?
    1. Photosynthesis
    2. Respiration
    3. Digestion
    4. Assimilation
52. Excretion, irritability, and reproduction take place in?
    1. Plants and animals
    2. Animals only
    3. Plants only
    4. Microorganisms only
53. What turns into a ripened fruit?
    1. Flower
    2. Ovule
    3. Pollen grain
    4. Seed
54. What are the parts of the pistil?
    1. Anther-Ovary-Stigma
    2. Style-Ovary-Stigma
    3. Petal-Style-Stigma
    4. Ovule-Style-Anther
55. ______ is the removal of toxic materials and waste products of metabolism from the body system.
    1. Egestion
    2. Excretion
    3. Secretion
    4. Digestion
56. ______ is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower through wind, insects, etc.
    1. Pollination
    2. Cross-pollination
    3. Self-pollination
    4. Asexual reproduction
57. The female reproductive part of the plant is
    1. Anther
    2. Stigma
    3. Pistil
    4. Stamen
58. The asexual reproduction of algae is
    1. Fragmentation
    2. Binary Fission
    3. Spore Formation
    4. Vegetative Propagation
59. ---- is the identification, naming, and classification of living organisms
    1. Natural Classification
    2. Taxonomy
    3. Classification
    4. Systematics
60. What year was the cell theory implemented?
    1. 1838
    2. 1835
    3. 1858
    4. 1861
61. ---- is the unit of heredity found in DNA
    1. Chromosome
    2. Gene
    3. Nucleotide
    4. Codon
62. The non-membrane bound structure in the following is
    1. Lysosome
    2. Vacuole
    3. Cytoskeleton
    4. Cytoplasm
63. The protein found in the Endoplasmic Reticulum is
    1. Actin
    2. Tubulin
    3. Ribophorin
    4. Collagen
64. Behavioral traits are due to
    1. Environmental factors
    2. Genetic factors
    3. None of the above
    4. Both Genetic and Environmental factors
65. All these are acellular organisms except
    1. Euglena
    2. Bacteria
    3. Spyrogyra
    4. Amoeba
66. The part of the cell that consists of thin pectic substances of calcium and magnesium is
    1. Middle lamella
    2. Cell wall
    3. Plasmodesmata
    4. Tonoplast
67. The challenge of recalling information on 1.5 million animal species has been solved by
    1. Taxonomy
    2. Ecology
    3. Biochemistry
    4. Evolution
68. The reason why animal diversity continues to improve is because
    1. Animals grow rapidly
    2. New animals are being discovered
    3. Old species mutate
    4. There is an increase in reproduction rate
69. The part of mitochondria that contains enzymes for ATP synthesis is
    1. Thylakoid
    2. Inner membrane
    3. Cristae
    4. Matrix
70. Animals are not known to be diverse in
    1. Mode of nutrition
    2. Reproduction
    3. Size
    4. Photosynthesis
71. The structural core of cilia and pseudopodia is
    1. Axoneme
    2. Actin
    3. Myosin
    4. Tubulin
72. ---- is the formation of a new plant from parts of a plant
    1. Budding
    2. Vegetative Propagation
    3. Binary Fission
    4. Grafting
73. What is the reproductive formation of algae?
    1. Budding
    2. Fragmentation
    3. Binary Fission
    4. Spore Formation
74. The core of cilia and flagella is
    1. Axoneme
    2. Microtubule
    3. Cytoskeleton
    4. Centriole
75. The process whereby organisms release energy occurs in their cells and is called
    1. Respiration
    2. Photosynthesis
    3. Fermentation
    4. Metabolism
76. Which of the following terms is associated with lysosomes?
    1. Suicidal bags
    2. Powerhouse of the cell
    3. Protein factory
    4. Storage vesicles
77. Who coined the word Chromosome?
    1. Mendel
    2. Darwin
    3. Flemming
    4. Strauburg
78. The most inclusive and exclusive groups in taxonomy are
    1. Kingdom and Species
    2. Class and Phylum
    3. Order and Genus
    4. Family and Division
79. Which of these is a non-membrane bound organelle?
    1. Cytoplasm
    2. Ribosome
    3. Lysosome
    4. Golgi Apparatus
80. The function of Ribosome is
    1. Stores Lipid
    2. Protein Synthesis
    3. Energy Production
    4. Transport of Materials
81. The three types of plastids are
    1. Chloroplast, Chromoplast, and Leucoplast
    2. Mitochondria, Chloroplast, and Vacuole
    3. Ribosome, Golgi, and Lysosome
    4. Peroxisome, Endosome, and Centriole
82. The theory of evolution by natural selection was postulated by
    1. Lamarck
    2. Darwin
    3. Mendel
    4. Robert Hooke
83. ____ is the identification, naming, and classifying of living organisms.
    1. Classification
    2. Nomenclature
    3. Taxonomy
    4. Systematics
84. Cell theory was first discovered in the year
    1. 1665
    2. 1758
    3. 1838
    4. 1855
85. Behavioral traits are influenced by
    1. Environmental factors
    2. Genetic factors
    3. Both Genetic and Environmental factors
    4. None of the above
86. The model form of the plasma membrane is
    1. Lipid bilayer model
    2. Unit membrane model
    3. Fluid mosaic model
    4. Sandwich model
87. The most exclusive taxon is
    1. Kingdom
    2. Genus
    3. Family
    4. Species
88. ____ first coined the word chromosome.
    1. Waldeyer
    2. Mendel
    3. Flemming
    4. Darwin
89. The cell organelle responsible for transporting materials is
    1. Ribosome
    2. Golgi Apparatus
    3. Endoplasmic Reticulum
    4. Lysosome
90. The core of cilia is
    1. Microtubule
    2. Centriole
    3. Axoneme
    4. Actin
91. Lamarck proposed that
    1. Evolution is driven by mutation
    2. Acquired traits are passed to offspring
    3. Natural selection is the main force of evolution
    4. All organisms share a common ancestor
92. The role of crossing over is
    1. Mutation repair
    2. New combination of offspring
    3. DNA replication
    4. Energy production
93. The cell organelle containing heterogeneous material in which other organelles are suspended is
    1. Vacuole
    2. Cytoplasm
    3. Lysosome
    4. Nucleus
94. Which of the following is an example of a viviparous animal?
    1. Gorilla
    2. Snake
    3. Horse
    4. Lizard
95. The reproductive part of a plant is
    1. Flower
    2. Bud
    3. Spore
    4. Leaf
96. The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal and external environment is called
    1. Adaptation
    2. Responsiveness
    3. Irritability
    4. Sensation
97. The most exclusive taxonomic rank is
    1. Phylum
    2. Class
    3. Species
    4. Order
98. The most inclusive taxonomic rank is
    1. Genus
    2. Phylum
    3. Order
    4. Class
99. Which of these are non-membranous?
    1. Vacuole
    2. Lysosome
    3. Cytoskeleton
    4. Glyoxysome
100. Which of the following is unicellular?
     1. Euglena
     2. Bacteria
     3. Spirogyra
     4. Amoeba

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