General Biology I — 2021 Past Questions

University of Ilorin BIO101: 44 questions.

Topics: Heredity and evolution, Cell structure and organisation, Chromosomes, genes their relationships and importance, Elements of ecology and types of habitat, General reproduction, Interrelationships of organisms

1. What is the lowest level of cellular organization?
   1. Acellular
   2. Eukaryotic cell
   3. Multicellular
   4. Unicellular
2. Which of the following is NOT transported in plants and animals?
   1. Urea
   2. Hormones
   3. Oxygen
   4. Carbon dioxide
3. Which cell organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes?
   1. Mitochondria
   2. Golgi apparatus
   3. Lysosomes
   4. Peroxisomes
4. Who proposed the concept of germline continuity?
   1. Darwin
   2. Weissman
   3. Mendel
   4. Lamarck
5. Where is the tonoplast found?
   1. Nucleus
   2. Central vacuole
   3. Chloroplast
   4. Mitochondria
6. What is a function of plastids?
   1. Protein synthesis
   2. Photosynthesis and storage
   3. Cell division
   4. Waste disposal
7. Secondary thickening in plants is formed from which structure?
   1. Cell wall
   2. Cell membrane
   3. Chloroplast
   4. Nucleus
8. Which cell organelle has few ribosomes, circular DNA, and phosphate in the inner part?
   1. Plastids
   2. Nucleolus
   3. Nucleus
   4. Mitochondria
9. Plants absorb mineral nutrients from the soil by which process?
   1. Diffusion or active transport
   2. Osmosis
   3. Diffusion
   4. Facilitated diffusion
10. What percentage of water is found in cells?
    1. 70-80%
    2. 80-90%
    3. 60%
    4. 50%
11. Which of the following is not a morphological variation?
    1. Skin color
    2. Eye color
    3. Height
    4. Color blindness
12. Plants absorb water from the soil through which structure?
    1. Root
    2. Root cells
    3. Root hairs
    4. None of the options
13. Cellular respiration primarily involves which process?
    1. Guttation
    2. Diffusion
    3. Osmosis
    4. None of the options
14. Differences in offspring and parents are called what?
    1. Variables
    2. Variants
    3. Variation
    4. Deviation
15. Which is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
    1. G1
    2. G2
    3. S
    4. M
16. Solid wastes in plants are excreted through which structures?
    1. Leaves
    2. Bark
    3. Leaves and bark
    4. Stems
17. Where are pigment molecules for photosynthesis located?
    1. Thylakoid membrane
    2. Thylakoid sac
    3. Thylakoid stroma
    4. Chloroplast membrane
18. The model for the dihybrid cross of heterozygotes predicts a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1.
    1. False
    2. True
    3. Not applicable
    4. Depends on conditions
19. In the cross MMnn × mmNN, what proportion of the resulting F1 would be homozygous dominant for both genes?
    1. 1/16
    2. 3/16
    3. 9/16
    4. None
20. In garden peas, height is determined by a single gene with tall being dominant to short. If two heterozygous plants are crossed, what proportion of the tall progeny will be homozygous dominant?
    1. 3/4
    2. 2/3
    3. 1/4
    4. 1/3
21. Where the two alternatives for a trait are broad and narrow, and broad is dominant, the phenotype of a homozygous dominant individual would be expressed as:
    1. BB
    2. Narrow
    3. Broad
    4. NN
22. A modified second Mendelian ratio is represented by:
    1. 9:3:3:1
    2. 9:7
    3. 1:2:1
    4. 3:1
23. The appearance resulting from a given gene combination is referred to as the:
    1. Genotype
    2. Phenotype
    3. Stereotype
    4. Allelotype
24. Where two alternatives for a trait are tall and short, and tall is dominant, the genotype of a heterozygous individual would be expressed as:
    1. Ss
    2. Tall
    3. SS
    4. Short
25. Which of the following represents a dihybrid?
    1. WWSs
    2. WwSs
    3. WWss
    4. wwSS
26. In Mendel’s F2 generation of the purple and white flower crossing, the dominant to recessive ratio was:
    1. 1:3:1
    2. 3:1
    3. 9:3:3:1
    4. 1:2:1
27. An individual who has two of the same allele is said to be:
    1. Homozygous
    2. Heterozygous
    3. Homologous
    4. Diplozygous
28. When Mendel crossed pure-breeding purple and white flowered pea plants, the dominant to recessive ratio in the F1 generation was:
    1. 3:1
    2. 9:3:3:1
    3. 4:1
    4. 4:0
29. In the F2 generation, the 3:1 ratio is really a disguised:
    1. 4:0
    2. 1:3:1
    3. 1:2:1
    4. 9:3:3:1
30. In Mendel’s F2 generation, one out of four plants had white flowers because:
    1. The trait is sex-linked
    2. Both parents were homozygous purple
    3. One parent was homozygous recessive
    4. Both parents were heterozygous white
31. Pea plants can:
    1. Self-pollinate, but are not self-compatible
    2. Self-fertilize
    3. Only cross-fertilize
    4. Reproduce without pollination
32. Cell was coined by __ in 1665 when he studied the sliced cork of ___
    1. Aristotle, frog
    2. Van Leeuwenhoek, rain water
    3. Robert Hooke, oak cell
    4. Matthias, plant
33. ___ is the father of genetics who carried out experiments in ___
    1. Darwin, 1866
    2. Gregor Mendel, 1867
    3. Darwin, 1867
    4. Gregor Mendel, 1866
34. Crossing over typically occurs between two chromatids of the same duplex chromosome
    1. True
    2. False
    3. Sometimes
    4. Uncertain
35. Which of the following are mismatched?
    1. Haploid - n
    2. Somatic cells - 2n
    3. Zygote - n
    4. Gamete - n
36. Chiasmata formation occurs during _____
    1. Prophase of mitosis
    2. Prophase I of meiosis
    3. Prophase II of meiosis
    4. Metaphase of mitosis
37. Which of the following is not a form of asexual reproduction?
    1. Fragmentation
    2. Parthenogenesis
    3. Budding
    4. Syngamy
38. Sexual reproduction favors______?
    1. Genetic stability
    2. Highly successful species
    3. Beneficial recombination
    4. Genetic diversity
39. The presence of a chiasma indicates that two chromatids?
    1. Are about to form a synapsis
    2. Are haploid
    3. Are identical
    4. Have exchanged parts
40. Unlike gametes, body cells are called _______?
    1. Somatic
    2. Sematic
    3. Synergic
    4. Semantic
41. If a zygote has 4 chromosomes, the somatic cells formed from it have ______ chromosomes.
    1. 8
    2. 2
    3. 4
    4. 1
42. In telophase I ______
    1. Homologous chromosomes cluster at the poles
    2. Identical chromatids cluster at the poles
    3. Non-identical chromatids cluster at the poles
    4. Separate, but identical chromatids cluster at the poles
43. The crossing over process is believed to have originated from ______
    1. Genetic engineering
    2. Mutation
    3. Gene repair
    4. Symbiosis
44. Organisms subject to a chromosome damaging environment would benefit from _______
    1. Parthenogenesis
    2. Binary fission
    3. Syngamy
    4. A life cycle excluding meiosis

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